Section 13-2 Outline.
I)Evidence in Stone.
A)People used to think that the Earth was only a few thousand years old.
B)They also believed that the Earth had remained unchanged over this time.
C)It was also believed that rocks and major geological features had been produced suddenly.
D)In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries scientists said that Earth was old.
1)They also said that earth was formed slowly over time.
2)These scientists had influenced Darwin's work.
E)James Hutton proposed that rocks, mountains, and valleys had been gradually changed by natural forces.
1)He said that because these natural forces acted slowly, that the earth had to be very old.
F)In 1830 Charles Lyell agreed that the Earth had been changed over time.
1)He also said that scientists must explain past events in terms of events and processes that can be observed today.
G)Evidence proved that the land is constantly moving and shifting.
H)Other scientists found evidence that life on Earth had also changed over time.
1)Geologists had discovered fossils.
2)Some resembled organisms still alive and others didn't.
II)The Geologic Time Scale: A Clock in the Rocks.
A)Both biologists and geologists date the Earth's past with rocks.
B)They discovered that certain layers of rock often appeared in the same vertical order.
C)The position of the layers relative to each other determines their age.
D)Fossils found in lower layers are older than fossils found in layers above them.
E)Relative dating is a technique that is used by scientists to determine the age of fossils relative to fossils in different layers of rock.
1)Because you don't know the amount of time it took for layers to form you don't know the age of the fossils.
III)Radioactive Dating.
A)Radioactive elements decay or break down into non-radioactive elements at a very steady rate.
1)Scientists measure this rate of decay in a unit called a half-life.
2)A half-life is the length of time required for a radioactive element to have one half of its atoms in a sample decayed.
Prior to Darwin, gender roles were enforced through the institutionalized interpretations of religion. ... With the onset of the enlightenment and the industrial revolution instead of women being able to more easily break out of their traditional gender roles, they were faced with a dilemma created by the biases in male driven science. ...
Even India, who had before been in the debt of England, now became England's creditor of over £100 million (Darwin, 43 & 44.) ... But this new hold on the colonies instead brought on a "second Colonial occupation- of the territories and put even greater economic strain on the inhabitants (Darwin, 46-48.) ... But what had before been seen as the empire's strength quickly became known as the Empire's moral dilemma after World War two. ... When walking into the voting booths, the public was now more concerned with unemployment and social Welfare then with the imperial fron...
Then my mind will finally will have a chance to rest on this dilemma. ... I had learned of Charles Darwin during a science class in high school and I went to the library to read of his past experiences. ... I decided to head to the library and read up on what Charles Darwin has to say about this subject. ...
Italians and other immigrants were immediately accused and blamed for the country dilemmas. An example of such a dilemma is when the government launched a surprise attack on the immigrants housing due to the phobia of them being communists. ... Bryan visited Atlanta in 1923 to deliver a fiery plea to the Georgia House of Representatives to restrict the teaching of Darwinism as a fact. ...
Contrary to the cartesian ideas of the moral status of animals, Charles Darwin investigated into the social complexes of animals to show that within these, animals perform and solve their own various social dilemmas, proved by the recent research of cognitive ethology suggesting that some non-human animals construct symbolic representation and form their own language. In his book 'The Decent of Man', Darwin demonstrated otherwise to that of Descartes automaton animals that, although consciousness remains a problem for understand cognitive minds, animals possess a phenomenal consciou...
Darwin maybe sensed the weakness of his main theory that dealt with moral sentiments that he threw in a second theory just in case. ... Darwin saw this beauty which caused him to stress mainly the pure version of his theory. ... Trivers, which suggestions from William Hamilton started a game called the prisoner's dilemma. ... This is known as "iterated prisoner's dilemma. ... Unlike prisoner's dilemma both can eventually win if they just cooperate (Wright 1994). ...
Evolutionists call this the "winding-up dilemma" and have known about this for over 50 years." ... Each major group of organisms appears abruptly in the fossil record without any transitions." (8, 245) Another leading evolutionist and geologist from the Field Museum of Natural History, David Raup, says: "We are now about 120 years after Darwin's time and the knowledge of the fossil record has been greatly expanded. ... The record of evolution is still surprisingly jerky and, ironically, we have even fewer examples of evolutionary transition than in Darwin's time"" (Morris, 47...
Abiding by abstract, universal moral principles Through these stages, one can use an answer about a dilemma to determine which stage a person has grown to. ... Feminist usually seek sexual equality and gender justice in posing solutions for ethical dilemmas (Pinch, 17). ... Charles Darwins theory of evolution can help explain why woman care more than most men. ...
