The Spanish-American-Cuban war was the last American involved war of the 19th century. In regards to policy, the causes, events, and consequences of the conflict of 1898 set the stage for a turbulent first half of the 20th century.
The island of Cuba, during this period in history, was swelling with revolution. The people of the island were being oppressed by their Spanish overlords. This, along with a recovering from a prior revolt (1868-1878), Cuban nationalists attempted another war for their independence in 1895. This attempt at sovereignty was brutally contained by the Spanish, who concentrated the Cuban population, starved out the rebels, and made shambles of Cuban society. The United States has always had an interest in the island of Cuba because of its strategic location as the biggest island in the Caribbean Sea, its rich resource of sugar, and its security importance because of its close proximity to the United States. With the political inferno that was raging on the island, the United States had a number of reasons to intervene, both diplomatically and militarily.
The first, most prominent, issue was the humanitarian aspect of Spain's brutal behavior toward the revolt. In March of 1897 President William McKinley non-publicly, began his response to the frightful condition of Spain's warfare in Cuba. McKinley being a strict Methodist, made the settlement of humanitarian issues important. McKinley reprimanded Spain for its unethical warfare, this reprimand had no effect. In July, McKinley demanded that the new minister to Spain, Stewart L. Woolford, instruct Madrid to stop fighting in Cuba. This instruction caused Spain to remove a greatly disliked Governor-General, and to allow a degree of autonomy and reforms to the island. However, since the rebels demanded nothing short of full independence, the fighting continued, as did the inhumane conditions.
News of these inhumane conditions reached the general population of the United States.
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