Although countless chemical reactions exist, nearly all of them can be classified into a few specific categories. In this experiment, you will learn to differentiate five general types of chemical reactions. Some of the reactions you will perform; others will be demonstrated by your teacher. From observations, you will identify the products of each reaction and determine the type of reaction that has taken place. You will consider the following reaction types: combination reactions, decomposition reactions, single-replacement, double-replacement reactions, and combustion reactions. The majority of common chemical reactions can be classified as belonging to one of these categories.
Goals.
Observe chemical reactions of different reaction types.
Classify chemical reactions according to type.
Write balanced chemical equations for each reaction.
Equipment.
(Student Experiment) .
safety goggles 1 ring stand.
2 small test tubes 1 utility clamp.
2 medium test tubes 1 dropper pipet.
1 test-tube rack 1 crucible tongs.
1 gas burner.
.
(Teacher Demonstration).
1electrolysis appartus 1 glass tube, 25-cm legnth,bent.
1rubber stopper, one-holed at 90o angle in center.
large test tube.
Materials.
(Student Experiment).
iron filings, Fe 3% hydrogen, H2O.
magnesium turnings, Mg 6 M hydrochloric acid, HCL.
1 M copper (II) sulfate, CuSO4 wood splints.
1 M lead (II) nirate, Pb(NO3) matches.
1 M potassium iodide, KI.
(Teacher Demonstration).
sodium hydrogen carbonate, wood splints.
NaHCO3 matches.
limewater, saturated solution of.
calcium oxide, CaO.
.
Safety.
Note the safety symbols used here and in the Procedure section. Review safety informations on pages 7-10.
Always wear safety goggles when working in the lab.
Hydrochloric acid is corrosive and can cause severe burns.
Lead and copper compounds are toxic. Use as little of these compounds as practical.
Procedure.
Copy Table 11.1 into your labratory notebook. As you perform the experiment, record your observations in this table.
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