1. The Underground Railroad
Typically, enslaved African Americans who fled from plantations and cities northern to Virginia were more likely to take refuge in northern states, Canada, and western territories. ... One of the earliest recorded organized escapes may have occurred in 1786 when Quakers in Philadelphia assisted a group of runaways from Virginia to freedom. ... People who aided runaways ("conductors") risked their lives and property to escort runaways to freedom. Popular conductors of the Underground Railroad included James Fairfield (a white abolitionist who went into the Deep South and freed slaves by posing ...
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