But he also knew that an attempt might be made to bring forward amendments eliminating the clauses that gave Congress power to levy taxes, including customs duties on imports, and to regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states. These provisions had been hotly debated in the Constitutional Convention, and although adopted, were bitterly disliked by powerful political figures. To Washington, however, they provided the means of regaining financial stability and restoring the national credit, and were therefore indispensable.
Feeling as strongly as he did on these points, it is significant that Washington used such restraint in letting Congress know of his sentiments. He held himself in check because he was resolved above all else not to overstep the limits of his branch of government, established by the Constitution. He scrupulously respected the independence of the legislative and judicial branches of government. He was especially anxious to set no precedents that would start a dangerous trend toward monarchy or any form of dictatorship, but at the same time he was determined to be a strong president, not merely a figurehead. In this way, Washington was slowly molding the presidency into a working machine. He was creating a model for future presidents that would restrict them where necessary, yet allow them to work freely within their mandate.
One of the most important things that Washington did for the presidency was to establish its authority. As mentioned before, Washington was determined to have the people see the president as an energetic leader, not a ceremonial figurehead. To accomplish this in the practical area, Washington simply made sure that he received the respect and consideration that his post deserved. He required subordinates to seek his approval for their actions, and accepted personal responsibility for their conduct. While he consulted with the Senate on appointments, he insisted that the president alone had the authority to fire an appointee, guaranteeing his control of every member of the executive branch.
