There are four types of vinegar - Sample A, Sample B, Sample C, Sample D. We will be changing the vinegar after four times during the experiment.
Dependant - We are going to measure the amount of sodium hydroxide needed for the neutralisation of each vinegar in ml3.
Controlled Variable - During the experiment we will need to keep a number of things equal to ensure a fair test. We will keep the amount of vinegar the same, the amount of phenol phthalein (the indicator) the same, and we will rinse out any used apparatus which is contaminated.
Method.
1. Collect the apparatus required.
2. Pour 50 ml of each vinegar into single beakers.
3. Pour sodium hydroxide into the burette and fill it up to a set value.0ml or 10ml.
4. Then suck up 25ml of the vinegar using the pipette and the pi-pump. You may need to remove the pi-pump and then draw up more vinegar to just above the line. When removing the pi-pump place a finger over the top of the pipette to prevent the loss of the vinegar.
5. Adjust the vinegar until the bottom of the meniscus is level with the mark.
6. Then place the vinegar in a conical flask and place it under the burette.
7. Add a few drops of phenol phthalien to the vinegar.
8. The vinegar will appear clear. .
9. Add the sodium hydroxide through the burette.
10. Swirl the conical flask and when the solution begins to turn pink record the amount of sodium hydroxide used.
11. Rinse out the pipette and top up the burette and repeat steps 1-10 using the three other vinegars.
12. Then repeat all the samples again to achieve accurate results.
Safety .
During the experiment you must ensure that safety procedures are followed at all times. Three safety precautions you must take are:.
o Wear safety glasses at all times during the experiment in case there are splashes of acid which may go into your eyes.
o Tuck stools and chairs in during the experiment to prevent accidents.
o Report any breakages to your teacher so that no one will get harmed by broken apparatus.
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