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Animal Farm


This idea conveys the way in which human nature takes it course and also shows the vicious cycle that a revolution such as the Russian one entails.
             It is therefore clear to us as the reader that Orwell used Animal Farm as an allegory of the Russian Revolution and as a result many of the characters described are in actual fact symbolising real characters that played a part in the make up of the Russian Revolution. Firstly, there is Napoleon. Orwell has used the character of Napoleon as a metaphor for Stalin and so Napoleon the pig is a central figure throughout the story. It is evident that Napoleons" characteristics represent the human errors of any revolution. Orwell believed that Socialism was a good ideal but one which could never be successful due to the manner in which human beings behave within a society. For example, although Napoleon sets out as a confident and able leader, he is soon overcome with greed and becomes power-hungry. This idea again shares parallels with Stalin who in Russia, left the original ideal of equality behind in search for total power in order to live a life of luxury at the expense of the suffering peasants. The cruelty of Stalin towards the Russian people is also shown through the character of Napoleon. This side of Napoleon becomes evident after he slaughters so many animals for plotting against him. This is rather similar to the purges carried out by Stalin whereby he removed any individual whom he believed to be against him. By the end of the book it is clear that Napoleon has become a dictator of some kind without the consent or election of the other animals.
             Old Major is a major character in Animal Farm. He is used as a metaphor for Karl Marx. Throughout the story it is clear that the other pigs fed off old Major's inspiration and beliefs only then to benefit from it themselves. This could well be Orwell's attempt to criticise Stalin whom many consider to be someone who totally ignored Marx's political and social theory.


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