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Looking Backwards by Edward Bellamy


He argues that even able-bodied men in a society derive benefits from the labor and skills of others. Compared to the 1880's, Julian is surprised to see that the average citizen works harder and earns the same paycheck as everyone. Seeing this, he surmises that the "dread of want and desire of luxury" (Bellamy 47) i.e. the fear of poverty and love of luxury must have been the sole motivation. However, Dr. Leete explains that it is not the only reason as labor alone gets honor and distinction in the society and he cites the soldiers' brave work as an example. .
             Much of the world countries share a capitalist society and have similar ideas to the society of Boston in 1880's. A capitalist society depends upon competition which is fueled by the ultimate human emotion, jealousy. I believe an egalitarian wage system enclosed with a system of credit as described in the novel would eradicate jealousy. This would terminate the act of people wanting to supersede one another that is evident throughout the capitalist societies around the globe. Because of equal wages, people within the system are better equipped to claim their needs and demands. Likewise, I am concerned of the review system which include promotions, rewards or even punishments based on the work performance. As Leete comments, "It is not even necessary that a worker win promotion to a higher grade to have at least a taste for glory. While promotion requires general excellence of record as worker, honorable mention and various sorts of prizes are awarded for excellence of less than sufficient for promotion, and also for special feats and single performances in the various industries " (Bellamy 61). The main problem with this system is the personal judgement of the people who are in power and sanction these awards. Their individual opinion and greed can be a source of problem for governments which might lead the government to be denounced.


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