Freud is said to be the founding father of psychology and is credited with the development of psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis can be defined as a theory that focuses on the interactions of the conscious and unconscious mind and attempting to transfer repressed elements such as fear, feelings and conflicts to the conscious side by using techniques such as dream association and free association. Freud had an emphasis on how the unconscious mind affects the behavior of people. Along with analyzing dreams, Freud also focused on the concept that a person has an id, an ego and a superego. According to Freud, a person's ID is the aspect of one's personality in which their basic wants and needs are met and is the most generic part of a person's personality. A person's ego is the part of the personality in which the needs of the ID are attempted to be met, but in a manner that is acceptable to other people. The ego essentially works together with reality. A person's superego is the part of the personality in which the personality has developed to a point that one knows right from wrong. The superego deals with an individual's morals and values within their mind. Freud's theory also focused on the fact that a person's personality was developed in the childhood timeframe of a person's life. .
From a high level overview, some of the newer and different concepts and theories of later Neo-Freudian theorists such as Jung, Adler, Horney and Erikson, concluded that there were other stimulus that affected people's behavior, such as environment, and it was not simply the subconscious mind that controlled behavior. "There are many cultural organizers at play in any theory or school of thought. Some of these are obvious, as when national borders or philosophical differences define a style of psychoanalysis; others are less obvious, as when universal theories are generalized from the characterological organization with which the main proponent of the theory or school is most familiar" (Reisner, 2001).
