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International Business and Multinational Enterprise


Similarly, music is also heavily embedded in culture, when used appropriately, can be a helpful addition to marketing promotions.
             Wild.J and Wild.K also claim that, values determine people's attitudes toward time, work, and responsibility. Attitudes reflect underlying values therefore attitudes determine employee's work enthusiasm and work efficiency. People in Singapore tend to working hard and value material very much whereas people in Greece are pursuing easier and more relaxed lifestyle (Menipaz, E and Menipaz, A, 2012). More than this, the values and attitudes in organization's culture have a powerful impact on the employees' morale and productivity in turn (Moran and Harris, 2007). Additionally, culture also forces multinational companies to adjust their policies in human resource management. For example, when western managers run a company in Vietnam, they have to modify employee evaluation and reward systems because Vietnamese value group harmony greatly, so it is better not to praise employees by making him or her stand out from the crowd, which will embarrass him or her. And it is not appropriate to criticize any individuals in front of other workers because that will hurt one's self-respect, and then impair employees working enthusiasm and confidence. .
             Learning correct behaviors and manners in other countries is important to avoid personal and professional embarrassment as well as unconsciously offending people during international business (Martin and Chaney, 2012). Manners are a set of appropriate ways of behaving, speaking, and dressing in a culture. In Arab culture, for example, one usually does not extend a hand to greet an older person unless the elder firstly hand out his or her hand. Otherwise it will be regarded as an impolite behavior. Negotiating business during a meal is a common phenomenon in the United States, however, it is an inappropriate behavior to bring up business at mealtime unless the host does so first.


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