In the 19th century, Friedrich Nietzsche believed that his influencing surroundings of science, philosophy and philology were the reasons for the death of god. Scholars used philology to find that the Books of Moses were written by four different authors in different time periods hundreds of years after the events. This discovery led to disbelief in Christian teachings. People also began to turn away from god due to philosophy, and science with the teachings of Kant and Darwin. Kant argued that people have a fundamental concept of experience and that is the source of morality, not God. Darwin believed the world was created through natural selection. He didn't believe God creating the world through his miracles. Although Christian teachings were a source of morality, due to the death of god, Nietzsche believed Nihilism and change of morality would occur. .
Friedrich Nietzsche said people lack "the Truth" (87) in his essay The Gay Science. Nietzsche meant that people have been listening to superiors and religion to tell them what was right and wrong instead of going out in life and figuring out what is truly the truth. When Nietzsche said "God is dead, God remains dead. And we have killed him" (125), he did not mean that God died in a physical sense. Nietzsche's expression meant that the Christian God and was no longer a source of religious and sociological values for society. For example, when Nietzsche said "the sea lies open again" (280), he meant that the world is now free and open to believe whatever they want. People were able to have an adjustment of morals. Nietzsche said "overcome yourself" (304) meaning do not just go with the flow of life believing what everybody else believed. Knowledge from artists was a big deal, Nietzsche argued, because artist saw life different than most people. Nietzsche said artist create as we should re-create ourselves.
