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Comparative Study - A Midsummer Night's Dream


Therefore they could be seen as equal in existence to the humans in the play. In this chapter I will try to prove that both interpretations, allegorical or real, are equally possible. The fairies' allegorical or real position determines their relationship with the lovers: are they allegories for the humans or real beings? Beside this choice a director must decide if his/her fairies are close to mankind or alien creatures. This also affects their position with regard to the humans. I will examine the relationship of the fairies with the human world as it is presented in Shakespeare's text and see how Michael Hoffman and Bernard Haitink, Peter Hall and John Bury interpreted it in the play and how they represented the fairies in their screen and stage production. .
             The first fairy to appear on stage in A Midsummer Night's Dream describes her task to the audience:.
             "To dew her orbs upon the green.
             The cowslips tall her pensioners be.
             In their gold coats spots you see;.
             Those be rubies, fairy favours;.
             I must go seek some dewdrops here,.
             And hang a pearl in every cowslip's ear," (2.1.9-14).
             This fairy appears to be a physical allegory rather than an actual creature. Such physical allegories were first used in the fifth century B.C to explain Greek mythology, because; "with the growth of philosophic rationalism in Greece [], the traditional myths [with its humanlike, and sometimes immoral gods] came under attack. [] Physical allegory assumes that the myths were invented to account for natural phenomena," (Isabel Rivers, 21).
             Employing this allegory, fairies could be explained as metaphors for natural occurrences, such as dewdrops on flowers. However, according to fairy tradition fairies are not indifferent to men. "Tales, description and anecdotes of the fairies from all over the country and, indeed, from all over the world, make it clear that they are not generally conceived as existing in a independent and self-contained state, but have great concern with mortal things" (Briggs, The Fairies in Tradition and Literature, 95).


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