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The Past and Present of East Harlem


It made it easier to travel and transportation as well as major migration from Lower Manhattan. German and Irish immigrants began to settle all over Harlem but most of them settled in the Yorkville area. African Americans settled uptown along the East River and 116th St. area.
             Buildings and tenements began to boom along the East River. In 1868, the oldest tenement buildings was constructed along First Avenue between 116th and 117th St. Factories were built along the East River which brought residents to the area because many of them were employees' and workers at neighboring factories. Catholic, Baptist, Episcopalian, Methodist, and Jewish places of worship contributed to the growth as well. The first synagogue built in Harlem was on East 116th St. Later on Eastern European families moved from the Lower East side. Italian immigrant families began to move to East Harlem and cement themselves into the community. They attracted other Italian families and took advantage of open housing as other groups began to spread out into other areas of Harlem.
             In the early 1900s, new development was brought to East Harlem. As the city cleared three blocks, Thomas Jefferson Park was created along First Avenue. At the beginning of 1911 the city sponsored a gardening initiative for girls in the neighborhood. In the first half of the 18th century, Puerto Rican immigrants began to flood into neighborhoods. In the years leading up to 1917 they were granted their U.S citizenship. As time progressed Fiorello LaGuardia became mayor in 1933. He was known for bringing spirit into the city government. As he was the major many good public services became available. There was growth in area, La Margieta was founded, and Benjamin Franklin High School was opened on 114th and Pleasant Avenue. Also the beginning of public pool services at Jefferson Park was built by Robert Moses. .
             Through the mid- 20th century Italian Harlem began to thrive.


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