Arizona case was decided by the court in 1966. Ernesto Miranda was a poor man living in Phoenix, Arizona, in 1963. Miranda was arrested after being identified by his victim. Miranda's charges were rape, kidnapping, and robbery. He was interrogated for two hours while in police custody. The police officers questioning him did not inform him of his Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination, or of his Sixth Amendment right to the assistance of an attorney. As a result of the interrogation, Miranda had written down a confession to all of those crimes he was charged with. During his trial, the prosecution used his confession to obtain a conviction, and he was sentenced to 20 to 30 years in prison. Miranda's defense attorney appealed to the Arizona Supreme Court. His attorney argued that his confession should have been excluded from trial because he had not been informed of his rights, nor had an attorney been present during his interrogation. The police officers involved admitted that they had not given Miranda any explanation of his rights. They argued, however, that because Miranda had been convicted of a crime in the past, he must have been aware of his rights. The Arizona Supreme Court denied his appeal and upheld his conviction.
This case went through two previous courts before being viewed by the United States Supreme Court. In 1965, it was heard and reviewed by the Superior Court of Maricopa County. In this trial they discussed the basics and key points of the case. Then, later on in 1965, the case was brought up again. This time it went to the Supreme Court of Arizona. Along with the previous trial, the case was again reviewed, coming to a decision. They had affirmed the conviction and held that Miranda's constitutional rights were not violated in obtaining the confession and admitting it at the trial. The United States Supreme Court had the final say in this case. In 1966 they had stated the final decision.
