1. Expectancy Model Overview
Expectancy Model Overview The expectancy model concept was credited to Victor Vroom, but most of the original work was done by Edward Tolman and Kurt Lewin. Victor Vroom was the one that applied the concept of the expectancy model to the workplace. ... These rewards could be negative or positive. ... A negative outcome would be anything that is not preferred. ... Negative valences consist of anything that you do not prefer or want to avoid. ...
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