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An Introduction to Irish History

This remained because as well as the O'Neills and the Eoganachtas there was also the province of Leinster which remained outside their control. The men in this kingdom were ready to form alliances with the Vikings to maintain their independence and to prevent the two most powerful Gaelic groups in Ireland extending their power. Dublin also remained as a Norse kingdom because it traded with other Viking settlements in Britain thus allowing it to grow as a vibrant economic city with a great deal of freedom from the rest of the country. In 908 the O'Neills defeated Cormac of the Eoganachta at the battle of Ballaghmoon and the power and influence of that family was forever lost from this date. But whatever chance the O'Neills had of establishing sole supremacy in Ireland vanished when another wave of Viking raids began. In 914 a great fleet landed at Waterford. Within six years the Norsemen had established themselves anew at Dublin and founded towns at Limerick, Cork and Waterford. Ireland's 237 rivers were used as highways of invasion and by 977 King Olaf of the Sandals had defeated the O'Neill High King Domnall and extended their influence into Meath and West Meath.
             By the close of the 10th Century despite this domination, the Vikings had accepted Christianity and a new native threat presented itself to them. Brian Boru had become High King of Munster and controlled the southern half of Ireland. He proved himself to be an astute tactician and a fierce warrior in countless battles against the Danes and from 1002, he was acknowledged as High King of all Ireland. In 1004 he completed a grand and triumphant tour of his kingdom where he was greeted everywhere by local kings and chiefs as their overlord. However, the Danes in Dublin plotted against him with the men of the troublesome province of Leinster and on 23 April 1014 the two armies met at Clontarf in a decisive battle. Brian won through and ended forever any Viking hopes of the conquest of Ireland.


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