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One of Germany's leading theorist of the Social-Democratic Party, Rose Luxemburg, argued that the latter must not direct its daily activity toward the conquest of political power, but toward the betterment of the working class. The purpose of socialism is to rid society of class struggles and elite/capitalistic owners that have power within society. And so to benefit society, all individuals must band together and build on socialism by means of extension of social control and application of cooperation between all individuals. Without cooperation and agreement between all individuals, socialism cannot thrive or evolve (Lukacs). Socialism takes on collective action of all individuals to benefit society from the perspective of the left. Fascism, even while considered socialism's polar opposite, is similar in regards to the role of the individual.
Like socialism, fascism sees the importance of how the individual and society are inseparable and must cooperate with each other to succeed. However, the focus upon how they cooperate with one another is the defining difference between the two. While the focus of the individual within society in socialism is to benefit the community collectively, under fascism the role of the individual within society is to benefit the State. As stated in the prior paragraphs, socialism arose due to the depravity of the working class and how their voice was not heard by the State. Working class parties that arose up believed everyone should have an equal economic share within instruments of production (Heywood). Fascism differs in that regard. Hitler denounces making economics the sole content of people's lives and the State's main focus. According to him, when the State makes economics its main focus, the State's collapse is near. Thus, the State is a national organism and not an economic organization. To a fascist, the State can only function properly if there is no real separation between individuals.
