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Latin American Literature and English Translations

He compares Cusco to Rome, a great civilizing force that facilitated the assimilation of European culture. He does this by relating the story told to him by his senior uncle of the history of Tahuantinsuyu (as the Incan empire was called). He mentions how the first Inca and pallu (royal females) reached Cusco and brought together a great congregation of native (barbarian) Indians and how they taught the Indians agriculture, masonry and architecture, textile manufature and communial living and acceptable practices. They also passed on to them the religion worship of the sun and moon. The main reason for this was to counter the negative coverage of the Indians by biased Spanish authors, especially Democrates alter written in the 1540s by Juan Gines de Sepuilveda, a prominent humanist and Diego Fernandez de Palencia with Primera y segunda parte de la historia del Peru (First and second Part of the history of Peru, 1571) a conquistador who had participated in the conquest of Peru. It is believed that they did so out of personal interest but primarily due to the ignorance of their quechuan language thus great misunderstandings came about.
             The first point that Garcialso tries to correct is the misinformation that Sepuliveda had given. He justifies the colonization and ˜civilization' of the Indians based on an extension of the Artistolean doctrine that some men were slaves by nature to include all the natives of the new world. He argues that it is the Indian's ˜natural incapacity to set up wise prudent government, conjoined with his brutish addiction to such unnatural vices such as sodomy, cannibalism and human sacrifice' were reason for their enslavement. Palencia argues more or less along the same lines with the exception that the Spaniards had a right to conquer the Indians given their superiority in that they were literate and had a true religion.
             Garcilaso refutes this by giving a clear account of the structure and how the government of the Inca functioned.


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