Motivational interviewing was introduced by Dr. Miller in 1983, to help problem drinkers prepare for treatment. The process has been further developed in a collaboration with Dr. Stephen Rollnick. Motivational interviewing is a client centered directive method of communication for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by helping people to explore and work through ambivalence. (Miller & Rollnick; 2002). This definition simply means that motivational interviewing is a method that uses the techniques taught by Carl Rodgers, such as empathy, positive regard, and congruence all of which lead to a collaborative relationship between the therapist and the client. .
This supportive and collaborative relationship will enable the client to open up and have honest discussions with the therapist. Therefore, the therapist will be able to help the client recognize: .
1) The advantages and disadvantages of changing their negative behavior .
2) Whether they are capable of changing their negative behavior .
3) Whether or not they intend to change their negative behavior .
The psychotherapist accomplishes the above by expressing empathy, developing discrepancies, going along with resistance and supporting self-efficacy. Moreover, the therapist guides the client toward a solution that will lead to permanent positive change in behavior. .
Important Aspects of Motivational Interviewing .
A major facet of motivational interviewing that is important to the therapist is the fact that "motivational interviewing can be used before treatment is began, integrated with other counseling techniques or used when motivational issues develop during a counseling session. In addition, motivational interviewing can be used as a stand alone therapy (Mason, 2009). Another interesting facet of motivational interviewing is the fact that the client is entirely responsible for opening up and working through their ambivalence and their continuous progress.
