All of the viruses can be further subdivided depending on the organization viral surface proteins (angelfire, 9/10/02).
Each part of the viral RNA codes for a protein. RNA segments 1, 2, 3 code for polymerase-B2, B1 and A respectively (Schaechter, et al, 1999). These are involved in the synthesis of RNA and are core proteins in the virus. RNA segment 4 codes for hemagglutinin on the cell surface (Schaechter, et al, 1999). Segment 5 is for nucleoprotein which is involved in RNA synthesis and is a core receptor. RNA segment 6 is for neuraminidase which is for the release of the virus from the cell envelop, while segment 7 produces proteins matrix-1 and 2 which scaffolds the protein and is found in the transmembrane ion channel. Finally segment 8 makes non-structural-1 and proteins, which regulate RNA splicing (Schaechter, et al, 1999). .
The total genome of the influenza viruses varies to between 12000-15000 nucleotides (angelfire, 9/10/02). There are identical terminal repeats at both the 3" and 5" ends of 12-13 nucleotides. .
The morphology of the virus particles is rather simple. They contain nine different structural proteins that are in the form of nucleoproteins (angelfire, 9/10/02). Each of these are in helical shape and are approximately 9nm in diameter (angelfire, 9/10/02). The three large proteins (polymerase-B2, B1 and A) are all bound to viral ribonucleoprotein. As mentioned before they are enveloped by lipid from the cell, however forms with filamentous or pleomorphic envelops have been discovered (Duke, 9/10/02). The virus itself can be either spherical or filamentous from 50-120nm in diameter, or 20nm in diameter and 200-300nm in length (angelfire, 9/10/02). The spikes of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase are dispersed evenly over the surface (the ratio of hemagglutinin to neuraminidase is 4-5:1) and the spikes project approximately 10-14nm from the surface (angelfire, 9/10/02).
One of the largest killers in the history of the United States and of the world is Influenza virus. ... Unlike most other ailments, influenza, even today, has no definite cure. ... One of the worst parts of influenza is our lack of knowledge about it. Even today there is no specific medical cure for the virus. ... We can only hope that in the future if this virus was to reappear that somehow we will be able to stop it....
Introduction Influenza, commonly known as the "flu", is an acute viral infection of the respiratory tract caused by influenza viruses. ... Causative Agent Influenza is caused by any of several closely related viruses in the family Orthomyxoviridae (a group of RNA viruses). Influenza viruses are categorized as types A, B, and C. ... The A viruses cause the great influenza epidemics, and the B viruses cause smaller localized outbreaks; the C viruses are not important causes of disease in humans. Influenza A viruses are classified into subtypes, and both influenza B and subtypes of influenza A a...
Firstly, It's the original characteristics of all Influenza viruses. ... Influenza viruses are type which can be carried in the air, and can remain for one week in normal temperature. ... In this next part, we will have some data on the variants of Influenza virus. ... The last part of this investigation is on the evolving tendency – the mutation of Influenza viruses. ... In conclusion, the evolution of Influenza viruses is a natural process and it's something we can't stop. ...
Influenza viruses belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family. ... These are not really related to the true respiratory influenza caused by the influenza virus. ... Usually, the influenza virus is spherical and 100nm in diameter, although they do display a lot of variation in their size. ... Influenza virus enters the host cells by a process of membrane fusion. ... Highly pleomorphic (irregular) influenza particles as often seen on first cultivation An unusual arrangement of virus particles Influenza viruses budding from the surface of and infected cell ...
" But why should we get an influenza vaccine? ... Could the possibility of contracting the Influenza virus be overly publicized by mass media so much so that it over compensates for the actual effects of the flu? Only 2.7 percent of people get the influenza virus in America. The whole idea behind the influenza vaccine is that it protects the population from the influenza virus, but how can it do that if only 2.7% get influenza to begin with (Natural News.com). ... Many people see advertisements for the influenza vaccine and say, "I need to get my influenza vaccine," or "It&...
This is a plot-driven thriller concerning a deadly influenza. ... This Spanish influenza killed 20-30 million people worldwide in 1918. Afraid that the North Koreans may be using the microbe to make a biological weapon, the team realizes the importance of creating a vaccine against the virus. Since the virus undergoes mutation the strains are different and they cannot make an effective vaccine. Two NIH scientists, Anne Adair and Benton Kicklighter, have proposed digging up the bodies of miners buried in permafrost in Spitsbergen, an island in the Arctic Circle owned by Norway, to retrieve lu...
The Influenza of 1918-1919 Influenza is one of humanity's oldest scourges and still remains our most challenging communicable disease. ... The origins of this influenza are not precisely known. ... The virus caused uncontrollable haemorrhaging that filled the lungs of the victim. ... Many of the people of the town went home carrying the deadly virus. In total more than 500 people died in Monessen in the course of the virus, and nearly 13,000 people were infected. ...
The 1918 Spanish influenza epidemic, which killed millions people, is a reminder of how serious influenza can be without vaccines. ... Vaccine Design Before the vaccine production can begin, the influenza strains must be selected. According to the Centers for Disease Control [CDC] the quadrivalent vaccine is made with two influenza A strains and two influenza B strains, (2014). ... Creating the Seed Virus A seed virus is produced using the process of reassortment. ... After a viable seed virus is found, it is injected other eggs to create a seed virus stock. ...
Viruses are the smallest of all the microbes. ... Viruses are capable of latching onto host cells and getting inside them. The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses began to devise and implement rules for the naming and classification of viruses early in the 1970s, an effort that continues to the present. ... Examples of common human diseases caused by viruses include the common cold, influenza, chickenpox, and cold sores. Many serious diseases such as Ebola virus disease, AIDS, and SARS are caused by viruses. ...
