Liposome is a hollow spherical bilayer, formed when polar lipids agitated in an aqueous medium. Basically, they are colloidal with vesicular structures based on phospholipid bilayers. Their structures depend on the developing procedure and choices of bilayer components. Their length can varied from 20 nm and as large as 190 nm in diameter. The liposomes can be unilamellar, only one bilayer surrounds an aqueous core or multilamellar, where several bilayers concentrically tilting around an aqueous core. Besides that, the choice of bilayer components determines the rigidity and the charge of the bilayer. For example, saturated phospholipids with long acyl chains such as dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine form a rigid, rather impermeable bilayer structure, while the unsaturated phosphatidylcholine species from natural sources such as egg or soy bean phosphatidylcholine provide more permeable and less stable bilayers. Either positively or negatively charged lipids will resulted in the liposome's surface charge. The advantage of liposome is that liposome surfaces can be readily modified by attaching polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules to the bilayer, the circulation time of liposomes in the blood stream is significantly increased. On the other hand, homing molecules can be attached to liposome bilayers to make these structures target site specific. Parameters that determine the fate of liposomes on the shelf and in vivo are size, lamellarity, bilayer rigidity, charge and bilayer surface modifications. .
Liposomes are mainly used as transporters for drugs and antigens as they can used for different purposes. Firstly, they can direct a drug to a certain target. Besides, liposomes can extend the duration of drug exposure, acting as a slow release reservoir. This has been demonstrated in a number of studies, for example with the antimalarial drug chloroquine or the radical scavenger superoxide dismutase (Oussoren et al.
Each group consists of special kinds of cells that do a particular job. ... A third kind of tissue is muscle tissue. ... Different tissues are organized into groups that work together to do a particular job. ... Each tissue does a particular job. ... Each system of your body does a particular job. ...
Several liposomes, micelles and nanoparticles are investigated for delivery of medicine at the specific organs in the body (Barnabas Wilson, 2012). In the present paper targeted drug delivery at specific organs such as liver, breast and prostate gland was investigated. It is hypothesized that nanoparticle having more target specific effect, drug loading capacity and sensitivity for tumor (cancer) cell than the conventional drug therapy. ... First question was about the targeted nanoparticles, significant expression was found in the tumor(4ng per g tissue) and no expression was found in the tum...
An example of the usage of vectors is the target cells such as the patient's liver or lung cells are infected with the viral vector. The vector then unloads its genetic material containing the therapeutic human gene into the target cell. The generation of a functional protein product from the therapeutic gene restores the target cell to a normal state. ... The last way is to regulate or alter the degree in which a gene is turned on or off of a particular gene. ... Therefore, scientist try to create new ways to insert these healthy genes, such as liposome or using naked DNA. ...
Soft Tissue Sarcoma Soft tissue sarcoma refers to a heterogeneous group of more than 50 types of cancers. Soft tissue sarcomas represent approximately 10% of all malignancies in men & .6% of those in women. ... Symptoms- as a group, soft tissue sarcomas usually begin as painless masses or lumps. ... Causes- The cause of soft tissue sarcomas is not known. ... Granulation tissue sarcoma may originate in burn, surgical or other scars. ...
Target Costing 1. ... The history of target costing Target costing was first implemented in 1963 by Toyota and had its break-through in the seventies in Japan. ... In particular, the top management of a company has to develop at first a profit plan that extends three to five years. ... Then the allowable cost are calculated Allowable cost = target sales price - target profit Different pricing methods exist. ... If the target costs are reached the target costing process is effective. ...
Non-shivering thermogenesis occurs within the brown adipose tissue. ... The inguinal white adipose tissue (ingWAT) and the interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) were dissected from the mice and examined. The researchers found that the brite adipose tissue does produce heat through thermogenesis, however it does not do it as effectively as the normal brown adipose tissue. ... In the field of weight loss developers can make products that target the UCP1 within the brown adipose tissue to help aid in weight loss using the process of thermogenesis. ... We also learned that the process of the...
Do you think Target Canada demonstrated good planning with regard to its expansion into Canada? ... Target is a well-known American corporation founded in 1902 by George Dayton. In 2013, Target opened 124 stores in Canada after buying Zellers Inc. ... Target customers complained on social media about empty shelves. ... Secondly, customers have complained about higher prices in Canadian Target stores compared to the U.S Target stores. ...
Tissue engineering is the creation of synthetic or semisynthetic tissue that can be used instead of human tissue in surgery. Different kinds of tissue have been developed or are currently being researched, including skin, bone, cartilage, cornea, and spinal tissue. ... The starting point for any tissue-engineered organ is the harvesting of small amounts of tissue from the future recipient of the tissue-engineered organ. ... Scaffolds in engineered tissues are to mimic the ECM in native tissues, at least partially. Unsurprisingly, their functions should mimic the ECM of the target tissue. ...
A large part of the products offered at Target are considered "trendy"." ... Target chooses the size of retail store tailored to each neighborhood. ... As of 2012, Target owns over $1 billion exclusive brands. ... Be Target"" (Target, 2012). ... Supplier diversity is an important value for the Target Corporation. ...
