Since this legendary tale is from the Bible, an author is hard to pinpoint. You can find them in Exodus 31:18, 32:15-16, 34:1,28, and Dt 10:4. They were supposedly written on two stone tablets by the finger of God so perhaps you can consider him the author. The main character was Moses who climbed the hill and verbally announced the Ten Commandments.
Since the disappointment of Adam & Eve, God designed a plan to restore mankind to relationship and fellowship with himself. God chose certain people over several generations to carry out his covenant and spread his word. His goal was to restore the relationship between him and mankind who separated them from him due to their sins. Aside from separating from sin, the covenant was meant to bring a union with God through mutual promises.
The first commandment reads "Thou shalt have no other god before me", stating that you must believe in him and him alone. The second commandment states "Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image", meaning we should not make any kind of visual representation of him for the portrayal will most likely be false. The third statement reads "Thou shalt not take the name of the lord thy God in vain", which means that when we use his name, it should only be with the utmost reverance and seriousness. The fourth commandment states "Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy- which simply means that you should go to church one day a week. The fifth commandment simply reads, "Honour thy father and thy mother- meaning that we owe certain duties to our relations, especially our parents.
The sixth commandment is particularly memorable as it says; "Thou shalt not kill" which, I must say, should be obvious. The seventh commandment reads, "Thou shalt not commit adultery" which means you must not give in to your lusts. The eighth commandment says, "Thou shalt not steal", meaning you should not take wealth, estate, or goods that is not yours.
