Psychology is a definate force in our day to day lives. It provides an insight to character and thought processes that would otherwise be overlooked or, in the least, be speculated as to basis for occurrence. Psychology, the scientific study of the behavior of individuals and their mental processes, addresses the needs and problems of individuals. This is accomplished by much needed research that is completed by using the Scientific Method. Through the use of this method the goals of psychology: to describe, explain, predict and control behavior, are accomplished which in turn provides the ability to improve the quality of life for individuals.
It is facinating to note, however, that though the goals of psychology may be honorable, it appears at times that no matter what measures are taken by the researcher to ensure qualified results, things may not be as they appear. Many things can "influence" the outcome of a research study. For example, in my opinion, something as particular as one's perspective (ie biological, psychodynamic etc) can play a large role, by creating bias, in the way that one describes or notes how a behavior is being observed. That is why many safeguards have been taken to try to prevent these errors from occurring in the study.
The Context of Discovery is the initial phase of research and possibly one of the most exciting. This is when researchers think of new ideas and reasons as to why a particular behavior is happening. It allows for creativity's input into the world of science: developing theories, and creating hypothesis. The second phase addreses observer biases by using standardization of variables, placebos, control procedures, and variations in the way that studies are designed. .
Correlational studies are used when actual testing of a particular theory would prove to be unsafe, or unethical. In personal opinion this is one of the forms of research that can be easily manipulated and/or interpreted by the public unless researchers have allowed a sufficient amount of time to thouroughly examine the theories.