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American Beauty and French Impressionism


The film style also insisted on depicting character's dreams, fantasies and mental states, tying back to the concept of psychological depth. An example of this is Dulac's The Smiling Mme. Beudet (1923), which consists almost entirely on the main character's fantasy life. A trend in French Impressionist films is the exploration of feelings and emotion. The interest falls not on external physical behaviour, but on inner action' (Bordwell, David. "Film Art- p.454). Gance's La Roue (1922) rests essentially on the relations among four people, and the director seeks to trace the development of each character's feelings in great detail. Impressionism's emphasis on personal emotion gives the film's narratives an intensely psychological focus.
             As with Impressionism in painting, Impressionist film created a rougher image, forcing the audience to participate by themselves putting various parts together into a whole. As the painters had used colour, the filmmakers used sequences of brief, seemingly unrelated and often elliptical shot sequences, edited in such a way as to juxtapose, and therefore link, these unrelated shots in an attempt to render the mental states of the characters. They experimented with different forms of rhythmic montage to suggest the pace of an experience as the character feels it, moment by moment. Often this was accompanied by music, which helped to set the pace of a scene and invoke certain moods.
             It is said that French Impressionism as a distinct movement had ceased by 1929, however its influences - the psychological narrative, subjective camera work, and editing - have remained to this day. They have continued to operate, for example, in the work of Alfred Hitchcock and Maya Deren, in Hollywood montage sequences', and in certain American genres and styles such as the horror film and film noir. A more recent example of Impressionist influences in mainstream cinema is the film American Beauty (2000).


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