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Tourette Syndrome

 

Motor tics may be sudden and simple involuntary movements such as facial grimacing, lip licking, or fist clenching. There are two categories of tics and those are motor and vocal. For both motor and vocal, there are simple and complex tics. Simple motor tics are fast, meaningless, and darting. Complex motor tics are slower and may seem purposeful. Greene (2002) wrote, "They may also be more complex tasks such as chewing a shirt, hopping, or clapping. Whatever the movement, it is outside the child's control, although it's often followed by a voluntary movement in an attempt to disguise the tic. Simple vocal tics are meaningless sounds and noises. Complex vocal tics are linguistically meaningful utterances such as words or phrases.
             (Bruun et al., 1984) reports, "Based on available information, it is now clear that TS is a genetic disorder. The vulnerability to TS is transmitted from one generation to another". (Bruun et al., 1984) also confirms, "That vulnerability is transmitted by either mothers or fathers and can be passed on to either sons or daughters. When one parent is a carrier or has TS, it appears that there is about a 50-50 chance that a child will receive the genetic vulnerability from that parent. That pattern of inheritance is described as autosomal dominant". Everyone that inherits the genetic vulnerability will not always show symptoms of TS. According to (Bruun et al., 1984), "There is a 70% chance that female gene carriers will express any of the symptoms of TS. For a male gene carrier, there is a 99% chance of showing some clinical expression of the gene". .
             How does it affect a child?.
             It is important to treat Tourette syndrome early. TS can sometimes provoke rejection by neighbors, peers, teachers, and even casual observers. The strange behavior of a child may sometimes be overwhelming for parents. These out of control behavior may put a child in awkward positions. They might be excluded in certain activities with other children and may prevent them from enjoying normal relationships with peers.


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