Black slaves, particularly black women had been considered as full-time field workers, mothers, housekeepers, and sexual victims from white males since slavery was started in 16th century. .
Black women had never enjoyed some of the supposed benefits the womanhood and its separate spheres for men and women, an ideology developed as a result of 19th century industrialization in the U.S. Slave owners thought that black women were profitable labor unit like black men, and sometimes as sexual exploitation for owners. Some of historians had tried to prove brutal slavery in human history directly or indirectly, especially black women described as great victims and established the basis of ideology of womanhood or femine. Even they were pregnant or had infants, they had to work as men. Traditionally women have more works than men in usual life like cook, laundry, baby-sitter, and housekeeping etc. The slavery system gave them additional works, at that time that was an inescapable fate that they got as born as a woman, even their children as work forces.
These situations made women resisted and advocated challenges to slavery at every turn.
Without black women, the modern American industrialization was not successful, and this point might consider not only as an independence being of black women in slavery, but also the basis of womanhood ideology.