It is hard to distinguish between that who is better in chess Human or Artificial Intelligence. Some would say humans because of their critical thinking and throwing computer off guard. And others would say artificial intelligence like Deep Blue because of its capability to calculate upto 4,000,000 chess moves per second as compare to human chess player who could only calculate upto three moves in a second. But in my opinion I think human has the upper hand. Human play better chess than Artificial Intelligence.
We know that presently computers can only use the intelligence that is load in it. It is not capable of thinking anything else as human minds can do so. All the moves that computer makes are based on the series of calculations and this all based on the positions of the pieces on the chessboard.
A computer chess program like Deep Blue makes its move by using its evaluation function. The evaluation function is an algorithm that measures the chess position. Positions with positive values are good for "White" and positions with negative values are good for "Black" (IBM Research - Deep Blue - Overview). .
Here is where I think that human has the upper hand while playing chess with an artificial intelligence. Human chess players use their skills, judgment and previous experiences to decide about the moves they are going to make next (Connor, 1993). And artificial intelligence moves are based on its algorithms and so a human chess player can disturb its algorithms making an unusual move that artificial intelligence does not recognize. .
In 1996, Gary Kasparov beat Deep Blue by 4-2 in a "regulation-style match" held in Philadelphia. Although Gary Kasparov lost the opening game to Deep Blue but he came game back and won the game 2. "Gary Kasparov won in an interesting ending, though due to programming errors the computer in that game played without any opening database. Two draws followed.