What exactly are pyramids? How were they built, and who built them? And just what were they used for? Well, you're about to find out. There are over 90 pyramids in Egypt today. However not all of them are like the Great Pyramid in Giza1. Over a time span of 1100 years the pyramids evolved from layered pyramids to the well know sloped shape. .
The first pyramid built was the Step Pyramid of Djoser. This pyramid was built in 2630 B.C.E. and was intended to hold the mummy2 of Pharaoh Djoser. This pyramid is 204 feet high and consists of six layers, each smaller than the one below it to form steps. The pyramid, designed by Imhotep3, also covers 40 acres. The Step Pyramid's burial chambers are hidden underground in a series of tunnels and mazes to keep grave robbers from reaching the actual burial chamber of the King. However, as with most pyramids The Step Pyramid and King Khufu were victims of grave robbers. All that remains of King Khufu is his mummified left foot4. .
The second pyramid, the Maidum Pyramid, was the first in a series of pyramids built by Pharaoh Snefru5 in the 4th dynasty. This pyramid, located in Maidum, was originally built as a seven story step pyramid. Shortly after, the eighth story was added and eventually the steps were filled in to make a smooth outside. The time is unknown, however most likely during or immediately following construction, this pyramid collapsed. Why the pyramid collapsed is still unknown. The debris from the cave in still stands under the pyramid today, giving it the appearance of being built on a sand hill.
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1. The Great Pyramid of Giza was the largest pyramid ever built.