The next grand theory is dependency theory. Dependency theory arose as an answer to the issue of colonization. The colonizing countries spend only money that will directly benefit itself, such as building ports and transportation infrastructure. This creates a dual economy where a modern export-led economy is tied to overseas markets and a traditional agricultural economy which struggles to support the people. Economic dependence on the mother country ensures political dependence for security and stability. The lack of development lies within the country because it is the responsibility of the colonized country to exploit the mother country to develop. To some extent, probably all countries rely on at least some other countries for progression be it in aide or the trade of exports, or other things. .
The last of the grand theories is the theory of newly industrializing countries (NIC theory). The NIC theory attempts to explain the rise of democracy in newly industrializing nations. The NIC theory basically lists factors which have contributed to development, but it does not do an adequate job of explaining why those factors lead to development. Some of these factors include an emerging democracy, export-led economy, the production of "real" goods, not raw materials, urbanization, and social development. The NIC theory leads to the question as to which came first, the elements contained in the theory, or the developing democracy?.
Next we move on to the frameworks of analysis. The first is the cultural approach. This approach argues that the culture around oneself influences his behavior and beliefs about politics. Therefore, one will behave in a way seen as the "norm" for his specific culture. Therefore, countries will develop and progress in line with the culture of the society it governs because of the cultural influences the officials carry with them. This method is adequate to possibly explain why strongly tribal countries such as those in Africa do not fare well.