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Canadian Foreign Policy

 


             Theories in International relations were traditionally limited to liberal and realist at opposite ends of the spectrum converging on very similarities. The end of the cold war brought a new legitimacy to a theory; one which best illustrates Canada's foreign policy. The constructivist theory emerged as a way of bridging the vast gap between liberal and realist theories. The constructivist theory has diverged from the realist and liberal focus on material ideals and moved the focal point to the power of ideas. (Walt, 1998) The constructivists believe that the state need not be restricted and it is flexible to change. Constructivist's beliefs that change is a positive occurrence has given it the appearance of the new Marxism. Canada is by no means however, a radical state that is simply the fazade which constructivist theory takes on. The best example of constructivist theory at work was Russian president Mikhail Gorbachev's acceptance of the idea of common security, (Walt, 1998) which was similar to Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson's Nobel peace prize winning idea of the international peace keeping force. Constructivist ideals lie very heavily on the importance of International cooperation. This is illustrated through the common security theory which came from the moral emergence of pacifism and believes that International Institutions should play the major role in International relations. (Wehr & Pfoser, 1990) The constructivist theory illustrates how Canada's involvement in International Institutions has played a very strong role in Canadian foreign policy. Canada's involvement with the United Nations along with its attempts to orchestrate peaceful resolutions to conflicts and its largely neutral stance should serve as a role model to the rest of the world particularly Canada's neighbour's to the south on how to conduct peaceful and orderly foreign relations. Canada's constitution best summarizes its constructivist stance with the line, "Peace, Order and Good Government-.


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