DNA Fingerprinting: Guilty or Innocent?.
The complete three-billion base sequence of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, for any individual is unique, like no other human's (except in the case of identical twins) (Browning 1). This single substance has recently been used as evidence in U.S. courtrooms. Many experts say "its [DNA] precision damns the guilty and frees the innocent" (Cheney 2). This nucleic acid's precision develops a fingerprint, which identifies a criminal. The test to find such a fingerprint consists of two DNA samples-- one from the suspect's blood or other body tissue and the other from the victim or crime scene. After certain tests find two sets of fingerprints, scientists look for a match between the two. If one is found, DNA exonerates the innocent and terrifies the guilty (Browning 1). Accurate, concluding genetic tests on DNA have served as great evidence to convict or free criminals throughout the judicial system.
Located in the nucleus of every cell in the body, DNA holds the basis of individuality, making the blueprint of a convicting genetic fingerprint (Froelich and Leyden 3). It consists of four chemical substances-- adenine, cytosine, thymine, and guanine (Browning 1). Adenine joins only to thymine to form one pair of bases. Cytosine joins only to guanine to make another pair. These four bases fit between DNA's two strands which form a double helix ladder (Froelich and Leyden 3). DNA's four organic units are arranged in a complex and unique combination in every individual's cells. Two percent of DNA consists of a human's genetic code which can be in any sequence of the four bases (Schefter 6). For example, each person has 23 pairs of chromosomes with about six million base pairs which are in a certain order to identify one person (Froelich and Leyden 3). With such a uniqueness between individuals, the probability that two people have the same DNA ranges anywhere "from 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 5 million" (Hancock and Miller 64).
DNA fingerprinting has many advantages and disadvantages. ... DNA fingerprinting helps investigators link a suspect to the scene of a crime. ... Without DNA fingerprinting, Davis might have been convicted. ... What if DNA fingerprinting also helped reduce crime? ... DNA fingerprinting can also assist in the location of missing children. ...
DNA Fingerprinting DNA Fingerprinting DNA Fingerprinting is also referred to as DNA profiling and DNA typing. ... The DNA fingerprinting process is called gel electrophoresis. ... They question how accurate a DNA fingerprint is and the cost of it. ... A DNA fingerprint may not be unique. ... He was the first murderer to be convicted by a DNA fingerprint....
DNA Fingerprinting is also referred to as DNA profiling and DNA typing. ... The DNA fingerprinting process is called gel electrophoresis. ... They question how accurate a DNA fingerprint is and the cost of it. ... A DNA fingerprint may not be unique. ... He was the first murderer to be convicted by a DNA fingerprint....
Analysing DNA from samples of body fluids or body tissue in order to identify individuals is referred to as DNA fingerprinting. ... DNA fingerprinting is often used to provide evidence in criminal investigations. ... Therefore it has been argued that DNA fingerprinting is the greatest forensic tool in the history of forensic science. ... It is for this reason that DNA fingerprinting is considered to be one of the greatest tools in forensic sciences. ... In conclusion, DNA fingerprints can be used to compare one or more individuals. ...
DNA is a big step for science. Yet many people don't know the purpose of DNA and what it really can do, but DNA is actually a big thing. ... But I think its okay that the Government can order fingerprints, but one's DNA-profile would be too much. DNA also contains much more personal information than a fingerprint. ... A DNA profile is a string of numbers stored on a computer. ...
Bioethical Issue: Mandatory DNA Fingerprinting Science has come a long way in DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting isn't just a sample of your fingerprint; it is a sample of your DNA. ... Luckily, biological evidence had been saved form his jury trial, and DNA fingerprinting shower that his DNA did not match that of the rapist. ... " This is a fantastic example of how DNA mandatory fingerprinting would be great to have. ... I think in this case that the good outweighs the bad and I'm all for the mandatory DNA fingerprinting. ...
DNA Testing DNA technology has provided law enforcement officers and investigators with a way to solve many crimes that would have previously been unsolvable. DNA technology has improved the way we solve crimes. ... DNA is similar to fingerprint analysis because every person's DNA is different. When DNA is found at a crime scene it is compared to DNA that is already on file to determine if it is a match, much like if it were a fingerprint. ... (What Every Law) DNA can be collected off of evidence that is decades old, and it will still have retained its forensic value, unlike fingerpri...
Genetic fingerprinting was first developed as an identification technique in 1985. ... DNA is extracted from the sample of blood, hair roots, semen or saliva. Enzymes that break the DNA apart are put in and the broken segments are arranged by size on a sheet covered with gel, the process is called electrophoresis. ... When the film develops they form a pattern of black bars "the DNA fingerprint. ...
1-2% Chapter 17: Foci: PCR, and cancer: PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction (pp. 533-534) A method to rapidly (in a few hours) amplify selected DNA segments that are present only in small amounts in a sample (less than 1 µg of DNA; the amount in a small drop of blood) (e.g. a few skin cells) Billions of copies can be made of a particular DNA sequence, producing enough genetic material for DNA fingerprinting (note: DNA fingerprinting can be used with as little as 1 µg DNA; see pp. 502-503.) ... Simplicity: a DNA polymerase Required: 1) DNA sequence with a known base sequence...