PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1860.
- Democratic party unable to agree on a platform for a candidate; Northern Democrats stood for popular sovereinty (authority rests with the people) and the nominated Stephen Douglas. Southern democrates demanded enforcements of the Dred Scott descion (Scott a negro slave had been taken by his master into Minnesota a free territoy, then brought back to Missouri a slave state. As a test case, the abolishionsit had Scott sue for his freedom on the grounds that his residentce in a free territory made him a free man-supreme court ruled against Scott Cheif Justice Taney stated that slaves were property, right to take property into federal territories; and the Missouri Compromise which prohibited slavery in part of the Louisiana Purchase was unconstitutional).
- Republican opposed extention of slaveryt into the territoies but promised noto interefere with slavery in the states appealed to Northern buisnessmen and western settlers-protective tarriiffs; federal aid for internal improvment a transcontinental railroad; and free homestead farms, nominated a moderate Abramham Lincoln.
- Constitution Union Party, a 3rd party nominated John Bell.
Results: Lincoln polled 40% of the popular vote, but won with a descisive vote in the electoral college.
THE SOUTH SECEDES.
- Southern reaction to the election: called Lincoln a black republican and many ignored the fact that republicans did not control the House or the Senate: Pro southern judges dominated the supreme court.
- Conferate states of America- in 1860 South Carolina secedes from the Union followed by 6 other southern states- in 1861 they establisd the Confederate States of America with Jefferson Davis as president. Hasened military preparation in case nessesity to defend its independance.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND THE CHALLENGES OF SUCCESSION.