Fermentation is a chemical change in an organic substance caused by the action of enzymes. This process is used to produce alcohol. Fermentation occurs when any source containing sugar or starch is in the presence of yeast and with the proper condition such as temperature and time, alcohol and carbon dioxide gas are produced. This process is very beneficial because instead of using irreplaceable fossil fuels, fermentation uses renewable resources and produces only one waste product (carbon dioxide). Alcohol produced by fermentation is then refined through distillation. Distillation is the process of purifying a liquid by successive evaporation and condensation. Through distillation the alcohol produced from fermentation can them be used as a fuel source for many different purposes. "I figured out that I could use the fuel to heat my house, run my tractors and all that." (Crombie). In this experiment, two spoons of yeasts, 50ml of water and corn syrup along with all necessary materials are to be used to ferment alcohol. The procedure includes mixing the corn syrup, yeast and water into a stopper flask. The stopper flask excludes air from the mixture, thus giving the yeast a sizeable advantage. This mixture will be left to ferment a period of seven days at room temperature. The yeast will secrete zymase, which will convert the corn syrup into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide. When fermentation is completed the alcohol produced will then be distilled from the solution. The distillation process is simple. The fermented solution will be placed in a distillation flask with a boiling chip. The flask is then heated so that the alcohol becomes vapor and enters the condenser. Cold water flows through the condenser cooling the vapor, thus returning it to a liquid state. Through this means the alcohol is to be removed from the solution, thus completing the experiment. .
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