Jeanette Rankin

            Who were the three black forces in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century? The three major forces behind the Blacks" position in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century consisted of Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. DuBois, and Marcus Garvey. They were the most effective of all of the different activists of the time. They each came from different times and different places. They were also all brought up differently while they were young. They were all about 10 years apart from each other. Here is their story.
             Booker T. Washington was the first to emerge. He was born into slavery on April 5, 1856 in the state of Virginia. (Notes, 1) After the Emancipation Proclamation his mother had taken him and two other children to the state of West Virginia. (Amer. Jour., 571) After leaving, he and his family had started working in Coal and Salt mines. (Notes, 1) He was at the age of nine when he first started working in the mines. The hours were long and hard. He went back to Virginia to go to school. (Amer. Jour., 571) He enrolled in Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute. (Amer. Jour., 571) He worked as a Janitor while attending. (Notes, 1) It was the premier black educations institution in the South at the current time. (Amer. Jour., 571) He worked hard to get through the school and graduated. He taught for three years and then founded the Tuskegee Institute in 1881. It was for black students in rural Alabama. (Amer. Jour., 571) His thoughts were that all students would be b!.
             est served if they learned a trade and become work place disciplined. (Amer. Jour., 571) With a trade he believed that black people would develop more self-respect and economic independence. (Amer. Jour., 571) .
             Another African-American Leader was W.E.B. DuBois. He was born in Massachusetts in February of 1868. He did not accept Washington's view of black social inequality. He was the first African-American to graduate from Harvard.