The purpose of a Utopian society is to create an environment where everyone is happy, disease does not exist, and anger and sadness are extinct. Only happiness and joy exist. Aldous Huxley's Brave New World leads to the realization that this is not what the human soul really craves. Brave New World was published during a time when socialism and dictatorship were the key concepts of the day. These governments believed that having total power would engender a perfect society. Throughout the novel, it is demonstrated that a government that completely controls a nation will fail. Many of the ideas that the governments thought would contribute to success were the cause of their failure. Although the government's control over and use of technological advances, conformity, and lack of personal freedom contribute to the success of a Utopian society, these aspects are also the reason for its ultimate downfall. .
The advancement of technology has enabled this "Utopian Society" to not only create human life, but to also to control almost all aspects of it. First of all, babies are created in laboratories using highly advanced technology and under the direction of humans, causing mistakes to be made: "They say somebody made a mistake when he was still in the bottle. and put alcohol into his blood- surrogate. That's why he's so stunted" (46). Bernard Marx is an example of human error and imperfection because he was referred to as deformed by his coworkers and deemed an outcast. Next of all, through hypnopaedia (learning while sleeping), all of the basic rules of the society are learned by the children, who learn to repeat and abide by these rules. If any children develop any differences, they are exiled so that they cannot influence those around them. Finally, soma and violent passion surrogate drugs are used to control the people by suppressing any feelings of misery and other emotions, which may lead to physical outbursts and hostility, destroying the stability structure.