Now that the conditions are defined, it is now possible to apply them to real societies. The Inca and Maya societies are two perfect examples that demonstrate both class stratification as well as monumental architecture within a civilization.
The Incas had a very clear social structure. At the top was the ruler, the Sapa Inca, who had supreme control over the empire. Directly under the ruler was the high priest as well as the army commander in chief. Then came the four Apus, or regional commanders. These men may be considered upper class by today's standards, as they lived in extremely lavish palaces. Similar to the noble ancient Egyptians, the upper class Incas were buried with their wealth and treasures. Next came temple priests, architects, administrators, and army generals. Then were artists, musicians, army captains, and the quipucamyoc, or Incan accountants. This group can be likened to today's middle class. At the bottom of the social structure were sorcerers, farmers, and herding families. It is apparent that the Incas had an extremely well knit social stratification system. (www.crystal links.com/incan,html).
The Mayan social stratification was a very well organized, multi-layered structure. It is similar to the modern day caste system in that membership to a particular class was hereditary, and was extremely difficult to change. At the top of the society was the ruler, followed by his family, courtiers, and priests. Others among this noble group were skilled architects, merchants, and craftsmen. A class of their own, warriors were an essential part of the Mayan society. Beneath the noble rank were general specialists, artisans, craftspeople, managers, and bureaucrats. These groups were ranked in importance, and can be paralleled to the modern middle class. Under the middle class were the essential service people as they were responsible for making the city run. Members of this class included unskilled workers, farmers, and slaves.