Carl Jung was born in 1875 in Switzerland. He helped Freud "develop and refine psychoanalytic theory.391) After a conflict between them Jung and Freud separated. Jung wrote a book called Symbols of Transformation. In which he disagreed with Freud's ideas about repressed wishes. Jung also disagreed with Freud on how import Freud thought sexuality was.
Carl Jung emphasized that the unconscious determines a person's personality. He claimed that the unconscious had two layers. The first was the personal unconscious. This is where a person's individual memories are stored. The Jung term for the personal unconscious is " a portion of the unconscious corresponding roughly to the Freudian id."(Zimbardo Pg.391) This is where the important details are stored when they are repressed or forgotten about. .
The second layer is the collective unconscious. This is an inaccessible layer that contains all learned experiences. The collective unconscious " involves a reservoir for instinctive memories which exist in all living people. They bound together generations of human history." (Zimbardo pg. 391) These bounds of history are called archetypes. Jung also said that the collective unconscious is hereditary. .
Archetypes have two main groups, the anima or animus and shadow. The anima archetype for males and the animus archetype for females. The anima archetype is the female side of the masculine personality and the animus is the masculine side of the female personality. (Britanica.com) The shadow is descriptive in its name. This is the dark and negative side of our personality. Jung said that the shadow represents, " the destructive and aggressive tendencies that we don't recognize in our personalities." ( Zimbardo Pg.392) .
Jung's concept of " principle of opposites portrays each personality as a balance between opposing pairs of unconscious tendencies." ( Zimbardo pg.392) He was the first to bring up the new types of personalities called introversion and extroversion.