During the 18th century the Industrial Revolution began in England. Cheap labor was in substantial demand. Millions of teenagers who did not go to school engulfed in the thousands of factories. Children would work six days a week, 14 hours a day around dangerous machines for a diminutive amount of pay. If a worker did not keep up with the pace of the machine they would received harsh and severe discipline. Inside the factories the air was contaminated and so dark that the workers could hardly see. .
Before the Industrial Revolution there was the Agricultural Revolution. Using new seeding and harvesting methods farmers were able to increase their crops, increasing their land, which enabled them to care for larger fields. On the positive side this allowed landowners to experiment with crop production, but- it also permitted landowner to push farmers to becoming tenants or to give up farming as a whole and move to the city. These agricultural changes eventually paved the way for the Industrial Revolution.
By 1800 several key inventions had been manufactured. One of them is the Flying Shuttle, which John Kay invented. It was a boat shaped piece of wood that sped back and forth with yarn attached. This invention doubled the work an average weaver could do in a day. Because weavers were not able to keep up they were no longer essential.
In time- the need for handmade goods became imperceptible. Machines were taking the place of the hard workers and leaving them jobless or in poverty. The Industrial Revolution tersely led to human suffering.
Due to industrialization people could afford to heat their homes, eat real beef and wear appropriate clothing. But there was a dark side to all this success. For centuries, Europeans lived in rural areas, after the 1800's the population shifted to cities. With manufacturing goods all in one area, new jobs where available which brought waves of jobseekers to the cities.