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The Open Society

 

This may take the form of scientific or medical research, or the pushing back of ignorance as through literature and art. Whilst we may all see this as beneficial, quite how beneficial this may be can only really be seen when we conceive of a society that is the antithesis of an open society.
             Obviously, without freedom of fair elections and freedom of religious expression such a society would be oppressive and to many individuals, atrocious. However, freedom of thought and freedom of speech are perhaps the most crucial. Not just for the individual but for the society as a whole.
             Popper sees the idea of freedom of speech and thought in a very scientific way, but this idea can be applied to a much wider area. He expresses it in the following form:.
             S1 ( TS ( EE ( S2.
             Or.
             Situation 1 ( Trial Solution ( Error Elimination ( Situation 2.
             Essentially he is saying that without freedom of expression and freedom of thought, no society can really advance. Using the above form, if a society were to encounter a worker shortage, in an open society people could propose their own ideas as to a solution (Trial Solution) these could be publicly debated, critically discussed (Error Elimination) and a final solution could be reached and enacted (Situation 2). However, in a society that doesnít hold to freedom of speech and thought, there can be no propositions for resolution, nor can there be any public discussion or debate, as such it is unlikely that the best solution can be reached.
             Popper condenses his ideas into a short maxim, To minimize avoidable suffering meaning that the theory of an open society should be to remove all suffering that is in any way avoidable. This is in stark contrast to the Utilitarian maxim of Maximise Happiness and Popper as idea seems far more Quantifiable and workable than that of the Utilitarians.
             However, it is not without its own shortcomings. For many the idea of a government that has the least interference with its society seems very appealing however, quite how little interference is necessary is an object of debate.


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