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Emmy Norether

 

            
             was born on March 23, 1882, in Germany. When she entered the University of Erlangen, she was one of only two women among the 1000 students. Noether completed her doctorate in 1907. .
             In 1916, Noether went to GÖttingen and, under the influence of David Hilbert and Felix Klein, became interested in general relativity. While there, she made a major contribution to physics with her theorem that, whenever there is a symmetry in nature, there is also a conservation law, and vice versa. Hilbert tried unsuccessfully to obtain a faculty appointment at GÖttingen for Noether, saying, "I do not see that the sex of the candidate is an argument against her admission as Privatdozent. After all, we are a university and not a bathing establishment." .
             It was not until she was 38 that Noether's true genius revealed itself. Over the next 13 years, she used an axiomatic method to develop a general theory of ideals and noncommutative algebras. With this abstract theory, Noether was able to weld together many important concepts. Her approach was even more important than the individual results. Hermann Weyl said of Noether, "She originated above all a new and epoch-making style of thinking in algebra." .
             Noether was not good at lecturing, but she was an inspiring teacher. Her students were known as "the Noether boys," and many turned out to be important mathematicians. Weyl once said, "In my GÖttingen years, 1930-1933, she was without doubt the strongest center of mathematical activity there, considering both the fertility of the scientific research program and her influence upon a large circle of pupils." .
             With the rise of Hitler in 1933, Noether, a Jew, fled to the United States and took a position of Bryn Mawr College. She died suddenly on April 14, 1935, following an operation.
             Adolescence.
             Many parents of teenagers in the 90's believe that their kids are growing up faster then they did. They think they are being exposed to more negative forces such as drugs, drinking and sex.


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