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Herpes is most easily spread when a sore is present, but it is also often spread at other times too. Some people notice itching, tingling or other sensations before they see anything on their skin. These are called "Prodromal Symptoms" and they warn that virus may be present on the skin. Herpes is most likely to be spread from the time these first symptoms are noticed until the area is completely healed and the skin looks normal again. Sexual contact (oral, vaginal, or anal) is very risky during this time. .
Sometimes those who know they are infected spread the virus between outbreaks, when no signs or symptoms are present. This is called "Asymptomatic Transmission." Research also shows that people who don't know they are infected often spread herpes simplex infections. These people may have symptoms so mild they don't notice them at all or else don't recognize them as herpes. Many genital herpes infections are spread from persons who are asymptomatic "Shedders" of the virus. .
For those who recognize their symptoms, asymptomatic transmission appears to be far less likely than spreading the virus when lesions are present. Many couples have had sexual relations for years without transmitting herpes. Some simply avoid having sexual contact when signs or symptoms are present. Others use condoms, jellies or other protection between outbreaks to help protect against asymptomatic shedding. .
Also remember that new information has come to the forefront, which is very troubling. The New England Journal of Medicine reported on October 16, 1997 that only 10% of individuals who tested positive for Herpes II were aware they had the disease. The risk of catching herpes after a single sexual contact with an infected partner is not known, but more frequent contact with someone carrying genital herpes results in a greater than 50 percent chance of the virus spreading to you.
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