Jung

            Jung's concepts in Joyce's Portrait of the Artist.
            
             The collective unconscious is that part of the unconscious made up by all the instincts and everything connected to them, those images Jung calls archetypes. The archetypes are centers charged with energy, millions of experiences of the human kind, transformed into symbolic images and themes found in history in mythologies, religions, customs, legends, superstitions, art, and many other places. They are not fixed images, they are the tendency to embody these themes, which may vary from one person to another. We are born with these patterns that shape our imagination making it distinctly human. They are possible ways of expression that preexist in the unconscious and are activated only if trigerred by something from the inside or the outside. They cannot be explained and seem to be an inheritance of the universal human spirit. .
             Jung described the artist as some sort of priest of the unconscious who was able to relate the conscious life of other people with the archetypes of their unconscious. .
             Dedalus and Icarus are archetypes. Dedalus was a mythical Greek architect known mostly as the builder of the Maze in Crete, built for imprisoning the Minotaurus. But after finishing his construction, king Mynos imprisoned him and his son Icarus there. Ingenious, he made wings out of feathers and wax for him and his son to escape. Young and unexperienced, Icarus doesn't listen to his father's advice and fascinated by hight gets too close to the sun and falls down to earth as the wax on his wings melts.
             Stephen Dedalus may be a strange mixture between the myth of Dedalus and his son Icarus. They are both trapped inside Dedalus" maze, which may be Stephen Dedalus" maze by all the things entrapping him.
             The Church is probably the biggest constraint on him. His independent spirit is in continuous opposition with everything the Church, the Jesuit school he is following, is teaching him.