This essay will focus on the predicament, Green parties face when seeking power within government. The dilemmas faced by these parties in this position, threaten the very likelihood of participation in governmental institutions. Moreover the impact on grass-root support for these parties is relative in accordance with the type of stance they adopt when in a coalition government. One of the most significant questions that can be raised, of this argument, is whether green politics and ideology can be sustained, against conformist institutionalised politics?[1] Green parties in certain countries such as Finland and Germany have managed to a certain extent, through coalitions, to bureaucratise themselves successfully. This has been a slow process, due to the difficulty in finding the right formula. The paradox remains, for many Green parties in Europe, on how to align themselves politically, so that their ideological core is not threatened by the concessions made to major parties in a coalition government, which they are part of. Inevitably this questions the legitimacy of such parties in government, are they more effective inside or outside of government? Can scientific ecology prevail in industrialised/post industrialised societies or does its holistic nature, obstruct the prevailing interests of western capitalism? "If the western model of scientific rationalism is dominant and is supported by powerful interests, how is one to arrive at a society radically different from the present system and the intellectual enterprise supporting it?" [2].
This essay will focus on the experiences of Green parties in two Western European countries. Finland, where the Finnish Greens became the first Green party in Western Europe to participate in a coalition government. The German case study, the die Grunen party as the most successful green party in Europe. During the last years before the demise of communism, green/environmental movements appeared in many Eastern bloc countries, as anticommunist symbols.