.
Four of the most common opportunistic diseases are Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia (PCP), Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) an infection that usually affects the eyes, and Candida which is a fungal infection that can cause thrush (a white film in your mouth) or infections of the throat or vagina.
These infections and cancers may have already been exposed to our bodies, but we aren't affected by it because our immune system is strong enough to fight them off, preventing them from activating or becoming present in our bodies. But if your T-cells are scarce enough that they cannot help your immune system, then your immune system will be unable to fight these infections off.
When you develop one of these opportunistic diseases, this usually means that the HIV virus has progressed into the more serious and deadly AIDS virus. Most people who have the HIV virus have no visible symptoms, but it is important to know that they are still infectious and can pass it to others. It usually takes about 7 to 9 years for the symptoms to develop. Most symptoms are not causes directly by the HIV virus, but by infection or other condition acquired due to the weakened immune system.
Some effects that HIV can have on the body include flu-like symptoms such as headache, fever, body pain (sore muscles and joints), stomach ache, chills and skin rash. These symptoms usually last for weeks or months at a time and don't go away until you receive treatment for them.
Once the HIV progresses to the AIDS virus, the symptoms become a lot worse.