Sigmund Freud was born in what is now known as PøÃbor, Czech Republic on May 6, 1856. He attended Vienna University to receive his education. After fleeing from riots in his home town, the family moved and settled in Vienna. He died on September 23, 1939 from cancer of the jaw.
Freud studied what is called psychoanalysis. It is the name applied to a specific method of investigating unconscious metal processes and to a form of psychotherapy. The word also refers to the systematic structure of psychoanalytic theory, which is based on the relation of conscious and unconscious psychological processes. Freud believed that one's actions were shaped by drives and experiences which they were not consciously aware of. He also concluded that the unconscious is full of memories of events form early childhood. .
To clarify the number of interrelated observations uncovered by psychoanalytical exploration, he made a model of the structure of the psychic system. The three functional systems of this are the id, ego, and superego. .
The id refers to the sexual and aggressive tendencies that arise from the body, as distinguished from the mind. Freud came up with the name Triebe for these tendencies, which means "drives-. These drives claim immediate satisfaction, which explains why the id is dominated by the pleasure principal. .
The ego is the domain of the functions of perception, thinking, and motor control that can accurately decipher environmental conditions. In order to fulfill its characteristic of being adaptable, it must be able to suppressing the satisfying impulses originating in the id. To defend itself against unacceptable impulses, the ego develops defense mechanisms. Freud believed that creating these mechanisms required vast amounts of energy, which could in turn, affect a person's ability to lead a productive life, causing an illness he called neurosis. These include repression, projection, and reaction formation.