MARITIME FRAUDS IN CHINA

            
            
            
            
             Thesis statement: The author explores the causes and basic types of Maritime Frauds in China and puts forward some ways to be on guard against frauds.
             Outline: Introduction .
             Basic types of Maritime Frauds in China.
             A. Documentary Fraud.
             B. Ship Chartering Fraud.
             C. Embezzlement Fraud.
             1. Scuttling Fraud.
             2. Fraud of selling stolen cargo .
             D. Ghost Ship Fraud.
             Cause of increasing spread of cargo-related Maritime Frauds in China.
             Methods of preventing Maritime Frauds.
             A. Commercial Department and Chamber of Commerce.
             B. Buyer and Seller.
             C. Shipper of the goods.
             D. Bank.
             E. Shipowner and Charterer.
             F. Insurer.
            
             •Õ. Conclusion .
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             MARITIME FRAUDS IN CHINA.
             Abstract: International Maritime Fraud has already done great damage to International Trade Market and impaired the legal rights of the businessman. Such phenomenon has brought an adverse effect on either developing countries or developed countries. The paper explores the causes of Maritime Fraud in china today. In the first part, it dwells on the present state of Maritime Frauds, which are increasingly rampant in south China. In the second part, the author classifies the Maritime Frauds in China into four basic types, and explains their causes in the third part. In the fourth part, the author dwells on some useful methods of preventing Maritime Frauds. Finally, the author puts forward that only with realization of the loss caused by Maritime Frauds and on guard against them can businessmen avoid Maritime Frauds or minimize losses effectively.
             Key words: Maritime Fraud Damage Guard.
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             MARITIME FRAUDS IN CHINA.
             I. Introduction .
             Today, more and more people are indolent and are not content to run their business in an honest way. They resort to fraud in an attempt to get rich the soonest possible. In case that fraudulent act is related to vessels or it happens during the course of transport at sea, it can be called Maritime Fraud. For example:.