On December 18th, a mass meeting of liberals gathered at Spa Fields Known as the Peterloo Massacre, the gathering was suppressed by military force and resulted in the death of eleven individuals. Parliament then passed the Six Acts, which again tried to enforce conservative politics by removing the instruments that liberals use to spread ideas and increasing punishment for those that choose to. In the end, liberals were appeased when Britain passed the Great Reform Bill in 1832 which replaced the conservative Torrie government with the Whigs and repealed the Combination Acts. Britain also passed the Catholic Emancipation Act.
In France, Louis XVIII agreed to become a constitutional monarch, which satisfied the liberals. However, when he died, his brother Charles X ruled conservatively. He passed many reactionary policies including paying emgres by lowering interest rates on bonds, primogeniture, punishing sacrilege, and replacing the moderate ministry with an ultraroyalist one. He issued the Four Ordinances which took away rights from the people such as freedom of the press and voting privileges. In response, liberals erected barricades. The king called out troops and 1,800 people died. Liberals succeeded when Charles X abdicated and a ministry composed of constitutional monarchists ended the Bourbon dynasty.
In Russia, a conservative Nicholas I succeeded Alexander I instead of .
a less conservative Constantine. While regiments took the oath, the Moscow regiment refused to. Theycalled for a constitution and for Constantine to be named Tsar. Nicholas I suppressed the Decembrist Revolt of 1825 with force and more than sixty people were killed. .
In Spain, Ferdinand VII who promised to govern under a written constitution, dissolved parliament (cortes) and ruled alone. In 1820, a group of officers who were going to suppress rebellion in Spain's Latin American colonies revolted.