Don Giovanni forms the climax of Mozart's operatic work. The music depicts a libertine who offends the prevailing moral code but who is capable of deep passion. .
Don Giovanni was written for the Prague opera, after Figaro. The 31 years old Mozart conducted the premiere himself. Lorenzo da Ponte had written the libretto for him and had taken the plot from an opera performed in Venice in January 1787. The central figure is the fascinating but unscrupulous seducer from Sevilla. The people around him become his victims: Donna Anna, the Commendatore's daughter, whom he had tried to seduce and whose father he kills in a duel. Donna Elvira whom he has betrayed and who wavers between love and hatred. Zerline, young peasant girl who almost succumbs to his charm. Don Giovanni represents a force of nature without conscience and sense of responsibility. His sole aim in life is to win the female he has just fallen in love with. Don Giovanni's opponent is the Commendatore, the representative of morality and justice. The falmes of hell devour Don Giovanni when he invites the stone memorial of the very man he has murdered to his feast and rejects the call for repentance and atonement with a threefold NO. His servant Leporello plays the part of the harlequin taken from the old popular comedy.
Act 1 of the play begins in the 1600's in Seville. At night, outside the Commendatore's palace, Leporello grumbles about his duties as servant to Don Giovanni, a dissolute nobleman. Soon the masked Don appears, pursued by donna .
Anna, the Commendatore's daughter, whom he has tried to seduce. When the Commendatore himself answers Anna's cries, he is killed in a duel by Giovanni, who escapes. Anna now returns with her fiancé, Don ottavio. Finding her father dead, she makes ottavio swear vengeance on the assassin.
At dawn, Giovanni flirts with a high-strung traveler outside a tavern. She turns out to be Donna Elvira, a women he once seduces in Burgos, who is on his trail.