The study of logic is a study of the rules of reasoning by which people arrive at conclusions. Logic is defined popularly as the science of reasoning, but that is not entirely accurate. "The term "reasoning" merely identifies the practice of drawing conclusions from premises." (Okholm, Pg 34). Reasoning is the kind of mental process that is different from other mental processes, such as imagining, remembering, fearing and hoping. " Reasoning could be either correct or incorrect " (Wesley, Pg 14). Reasoning is correct if the premises provide good evidence for the truth of the conclusion inferred from them; otherwise the process of reasoning will be incorrect. Correctness and incorrectness is the central problem of reasoning in which logic deals. .
"Reasoning has traditionally been divided into two different general types, such as deductive and inductive" (Ralph, Pg 87). Deduction is the very essence of the mathematic reasoning, in which theorems are demonstrated to follow the absolute necessity from the axioms or postulates assumed as premises. The philosopher and mathematician first introduce correct deductive reasoning by the name of Libnitz. Deductive arguments are either completely valid or else totally invalid. Deductive reasoning is valid when its premises and conclusion are related and it is absolutely impossible for the conclusion to be false when the premises are true. .
The premises of an inductive argument are held to provide evidence for the truth of the conclusion, but not absolutely conclusive evidence. Inductive reasoning will permit the reference of conclusions, which are well supported by their premises. Inductive is not a weaker or less dependable kind of deduction. Both inductive and deductive are legitimate and important types of reasoning that involve logic.
LEGAL REASONING It is important to understand the ways in which our courts in this country work. It is even more important to know how legal reasoning is the basis for our systems credibility. ... However, legal reasoning, when properly utilized, limits social dissent and lends faith back to the legal system. ... The court sided with the University creatively using legal reasoning. ...
Inductive Reasoning Inductive thinking also known as the "bottom up" approach, moves from particular observations to a more generalized theory or conclusion, it detects patterns and regularities; as well as, it helps to formulate tenetative hypothesis, from which we derive our generalized theory or conclusion. ... This intern becomes an error in reasoning also known as a fallacy. ... Deductive Reasoning Deductive thinking begins with two or more premises and derives a conclusion that must follow from those premises; the basic form of deductive thinking is a syllogism. A syllogism i...
Using different family assessment and intervention strategies nurses can identify strengths and issues within a family structure. With this knowledge we can help facilitate problem solving and crisis resolution for a family and promote a healthier lifestyle. This paper will examine a family househol...
"A fallacy is defined as a kind of error in reasoning," (Axelrod and Cooper 621). ... Appeals to authority are not usually valid arguments as the person being used in a campaign isn't an expert in the field and lacks the evidence and scientific reasoning to be proficient in the field they are talking about. ... To sum things up, fallacies are common errors in reasoning that undermines the logic of an argument by either making illegitimate arguments or irreverent points and are often identified by a lack of evidence to support their claims. ...
Aristotle's virtue ethics gives a sense of excellence in fulfillment of a particular function and a sense of well being, resulting from achieving excellence in the fulfillment of one's functions. It means to be all you can be and in turn you will do great in whatever it is you are trying to accompl...
Deductive reasoning uses accepted facts to write a logical argument. Inductive reasoning does not result with a definite conclusion like deductive reasoning does, but rather is based on past opinion and observations of others. Deductive reasoning applies what is known. ... Deductive reasoning is more dependable than inductive reasoning, and is considered to make stronger arguments because the conclusion has a certain answer; true or false. ... Therefore, by using deductive reasoning, there will always be a stronger argument than if inductive reasoning was used. ...
Plato believes that man cannot trust his senses as a way to gain knowledge and that the mind has an inherent ability to reason and seek knowledge. Unlike Plato, Hume believes that only those things experienced by man's senses can lead to knowledge and man's mind is cannot reason without impressions ...
Rigorous proof in mathematics is often derived from deductive and inductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning is the premise to achieve complete certainty: it is defined as "reasoning from general to particular" (Lagemaat 121). ... In addition, mathematics has an inductive reasoning component, which is "reasoning from particular to general" (Lagemaat 121). Mathematicians use inductive reasoning to expand on axioms to form truths. ... Therefore, despite proofs used through reasoning, inductive reasoning does not always maintain complete certainty. ...