(1) The end of Reconstruction in 1877 was a huge aspect that made the Civil Rights Movement a necessary action. At the end of Reconstruction, there existed such an inequality between the races that was completely degrading and cruel. .
One of the things that was affected by the Reconstruction was politics. The South began its work on the disenfranchisement of the black community. They did this by lying, creating such things as "poll taxes" and "grandfather clauses." They also forced the disenfranchisement by threatening the people or by physically hurting them. This caused the black vote to plummet quite substantially in the 1880s. The term "3/5 of a man," was created in politics to describe the black man's vote. It meant that for every five blacks that voted, it only counted as three votes, thus creating a certain inequality between the races. With the lose of political standings, several thousand black people were subject to violence and lynchings. It was only the beginning of the cruel treatment towards the African American community.
Socially, things were no better for the African American Community. Segregation was at its best. Everything and every place was segregated, from public accommodations to schools, to hospitals to places of work. Even funeral homes and cemeteries became segregated. This newly found sense of keeping everything divided between the two races was appalling to the blacks but there was surely nothing to be said or done about this. Black people were forced to remain in their own separate areas and were giving their own separate bibles in church, a place of God, where everyone is supposed to be seen as equal under the eyes of the Lord.
Legally, the black community stood no chance against the white dominated society. Jim Crow laws were put into effect very quickly as was mentioned early with the separation of everything, from the hospitals they were born in, to the cemeteries where they were laid to rest.